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I Just Found a Lump on My Testicle
What to Do Next: A Comprehensive Medical Guide
Discovering a testicular lump can be alarming, but it's essential to stay calm and take appropriate action. Most testicular lumps are benign (not cancerous), but early detection and medical evaluation are critical for effective treatment.
Important: Seek Medical Attention
If you notice a lump, swelling, or any changes in your testicles, contact a healthcare provider immediately. Early evaluation can make a significant difference in outcomes.
Immediate Action Steps
Follow these steps if you've discovered a testicular lump or any unusual changes.
Don't Panic, But Act Quickly
A testicular lump may have various causes, including benign conditions like epididymal cysts, inguinal hernia, or testicular cysts. While it could indicate a more serious condition, many lumps are not cancerous. However, it's critical to act quickly and schedule a medical appointment.
Schedule an Appointment
Call a healthcare provider right away to schedule an appointment. A urologist or primary care physician can perform a physical examination and order diagnostic tests. Early professional evaluation is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Perform a Self-Examination
Gently examine both testicles to note any differences in size, shape, or texture. Feel for lumps, swelling, or irregularities. Regular testicular self-exams help you detect abnormalities early. If you find a lump or experience pain, seek medical advice immediately.
When to See a Doctor
Contact a healthcare provider immediately if you experience any of these symptoms.
Testicular Cancer Warning Signs
A lump on your testicle (painless or painful)
Testicle swelling or enlargement
Pain or discomfort in testicle or scrotum
Feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
Other Concerning Symptoms
Shrinking testicle (testicular atrophy)
Blood in semen (hematospermia)
Fever, chills, or pain when urinating
Dull ache in lower abdomen or groin
Remember: Even painless lumps should be checked promptly by a healthcare professional. The earlier you see a provider, the better your chances of avoiding serious complications.
What Causes Testicular Lumps?
Testicular lumps can have various causes. Most are benign, but proper diagnosis is essential.
Benign (Non-Cancerous) Causes
Most common and usually not serious
Epididymal Cysts
Fluid-filled sacs that form in the epididymis (tube behind the testicle). Usually painless and harmless.
Hydrocele
Fluid buildup around the testicle causing swelling. Common and typically painless.
Varicocele
Enlarged veins in the scrotum, similar to varicose veins. May cause a dull ache.
Epididymitis or Orchitis
Inflammation or infection of the epididymis or testicle. Usually causes pain and swelling.
Inguinal Hernia
Part of the intestine pushes through into the scrotum. May cause a bulge or lump.
Testicular Cancer
Less common but requires immediate attentionWhile testicular cancer is relatively rare, it's the most common cancer in men aged 15-35. The first sign is often a painless lump or swelling in the testicle. Testicular cancer is highly treatable, especially when detected early.Key fact: Testicular lumps are common, and most aren't cancerous. However, you should still schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider for an official diagnosis and proper treatment.
How Doctors Diagnose Testicular Lumps
A healthcare provider will use several methods to determine the cause of a testicular lump.
1. Medical History & Physical Examination
Your healthcare provider will review your medical history, ask about symptoms and sexual health, and conduct a physical examination of your scrotum and testicles to assess the lump's size, location, and characteristics.
2. Testicular Ultrasound
A pelvic ultrasound is a noninvasive imaging test that uses sound waves to create detailed images of the testicles and scrotum. It can show the lump's location, determine if it's solid or fluid-filled, and help rule out conditions like hernia or testicular cancer.
3. Blood Tests
Blood tests can check for tumor markers (proteins that may be elevated when cancer is present) and identify signs of infection or inflammation. Elevated tumor marker levels don't necessarily mean you have cancer, but they help doctors make an accurate diagnosis.
4. Urinalysis
A urinalysis examines your urine sample's visual, chemical, and microscopic components to determine if you have an infection or inflammation that could be causing the lump or swelling.
5. Orchiectomy (If Necessary)
If your urologist has strong reason to believe the lump is cancerous, surgery to remove the affected testicle may be recommended. This allows further examination and lab testing to determine if the lump is cancerous and, if so, what type of cancer is present.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the cause of the testicular lump. Your healthcare provider will recommend the most appropriate approach.
No Treatment Needed
If your testicular lump doesn't cause pain or discomfort and isn't a sign of a serious condition, you might not need treatment. Your doctor may recommend monitoring the lump over time.
Surgery
Surgical options include hernia repair surgery, procedures to remove or drain cysts or fluid buildup, or orchiectomy (removal of one or both testicles) to treat testicular cancer.
Medications
Antibiotics are typically prescribed to treat infections like epididymitis or orchitis. These medications can effectively eliminate the infection and reduce swelling.
Cancer Treatment
If diagnosed with testicular cancer, treatment options include radiation therapy to kill cancer cells, chemotherapy, or a combination of surgery and other treatments depending on the cancer stage.
Early Detection Saves Lives
Testicular cancer is highly treatable when detected early. If diagnosed with testicular cancer, early detection improves your chances of a successful outcome. Engaging in treatment promptly can make all the difference.
Support & Resources
You're not alone. Find support and reliable information from the Testicular Cancer Foundation.
Learn Self-Exam
A simple self-exam takes less than one minute and can save your life. Learn the step-by-step process for monthly testicular self-examinations.
The Cojone Club™
Exclusive network for testicular cancer survivors. Connect with others who understand your journey and build lasting relationships.
TC Navigator
Get personalized support and guidance through your testicular cancer journey with TCF's Navigator program.
24/7 Discord Community
Connect with survivors instantly in TCF's private Discord server. Share experiences, ask questions, and find support anytime.
Take Action Today
If you've found a lump on your testicle, don't wait. Contact a healthcare provider immediately for evaluation and peace of mind.